Geography Paper 2 November 2024

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1. Alaccolith
2. Bbatholith
3. Clopolith
4. Ddyke

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1. Aa chain of low lava plateaux spreading over the ocean floor
2. Ban ocean trench, with fold mountains along the continental edge
3. Ca mid-ocean ridge, with the ocean basin widening on both sides
4. Da rift valley, with block mountains standing on either side of it

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1. Athe river's velocity falls sharply in standing water, so its load is deposited
2. Bthe sea erodes the coastline and piles the eroded material up at the river mouth
3. Cthe river's discharge increases sharply as it approaches the coast
4. Dthe tide carries sediment upstream and drops it inside the channel

1. Aa bird's foot delta
2. Ban arcuate delta
3. Ca cuspate delta
4. Dan estuarine delta with no distributaries

1. Atechnical advice on earthquake-resistant building codes
2. Badvertising to bring tourists back to the district
3. Cclean water, food, medicine, blankets and tents for the survivors
4. Dlong term loans for rebuilding the factories that were damaged in it

1. Aany long term change in a place's temperature and in its rainfall pattern over time
2. Bthe day to day variation in the temperature recorded at one station
3. Cthe seasonal movement of the rain belt across the tropics each year
4. Dthe rise in average world temperature caused by an enhanced greenhouse effect

1. Afencing grazing land into rotational paddocks
2. Bspraying a crop with pesticide from a knapsack
3. Cburning fossil fuels in industry and in vehicles
4. Dirrigating fields from a river in the dry season

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1. Ahot wet winters and cool dry summers, with about 2000 mm of rain a year
2. Brain in every month of the year and a very small annual temperature range
3. Cunder 250 mm of rain a year and a very large diurnal temperature range
4. Dhot wet summers and warm dry winters, with 800 to 1000 mm of rain a year

1. Abetween the equator and the tropics, on the poleward side of the equatorial belt
2. Balong the western coasts of the continents, in the cooler temperate middle latitudes
3. Cinside the Arctic and Antarctic circles, beyond the limit of tree growth
4. Dalong the equator itself, where the sun is overhead twice each year

1. Aa warm ocean current cools and sinks beneath a layer of colder water
2. Bdry continental air is heated strongly by day over a desert surface
3. Ca mountain range forces a moist airstream to rise, cool and condense as it crosses
4. Da mass of warm air meets a mass of cold air and a wave develops along the front

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1. Ainstalling air conditioning in offices and public buildings
2. Bplanting trees on a large scale so that they absorb carbon dioxide
3. Cstoring food, blankets and fuel ready for the next season of drought
4. Dimporting grain from abroad whenever the harvest fails

1. Athe variety of genes carried within one species of plant or animal
2. Ban area of land set aside by law for the protection of wildlife
3. Ca large community of plants and animals suited to one kind of environment
4. Dthe total number of species found living within a single small habitat area

1. Athe number of different countries in which one species is found
2. Bthe range of different environments in which plants and animals can live
3. Cthe number of individuals of one species living in a given area of country
4. Dthe variety of inherited characteristics found within a single species

1. Aplanting indigenous reeds along the wetland edge
2. Bdeclaring the wetland a protected area under the law
3. Cbuilding houses and roads across the wetland itself
4. Dfencing the wetland to keep livestock off it

1. Acold winters and a growing season of only about three months
2. Bover 2000 mm of rain a year, high temperatures and a small annual range
3. Cunder 500 mm of rain a year and a very large annual temperature range
4. Da five month drought each year during which all the trees shed their leaves

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1. Athe creation of new national parks and reserves
2. Bcultivation, settlement, lumbering and mining
3. Cthe protection of endangered animal species
4. Dscientific study of the forest's plant life

1. Ait raises the temperature of the surrounding air
2. Bit prevents almost all rain from reaching the soil beneath it
3. Cit removes oxygen from the air around the settlement
4. Dits roots and litter hold the soil, so erosion is reduced

1. Athe fact that a wetland holds no water in the rainy season
2. Bthe refusal of the city council to allow any development
3. Cpopulation pressure that pushes people to build on the wetland
4. Dthe absence of any law at all protecting the wetlands of Zimbabwe

1. Avisible light, ultraviolet, gamma rays, X-rays, infrared, radar, radio waves
2. Binfrared, visible light, radio waves, radar, X-rays, gamma rays, ultraviolet
3. Cgamma rays, X-rays, ultraviolet, visible light, infrared, radar, radio waves
4. Dradio waves, radar, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays

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1. Arecords natural energy such as reflected sunlight, so it works by day
2. Bsends out its own pulse of energy and records what comes back from the ground
3. Ccan be carried on an aircraft but never on an orbiting satellite
4. Drecords only the temperature of the ground surface below it

1. Aan aerial camera
2. Ba colour satellite photograph
3. Can ordinary hand camera
4. Dradar

1. Athe two are different names for exactly the same technique
2. Bremote sensing replaces a GIS wherever a satellite image is available
3. Cremote sensing captures the images that are fed into a GIS for processing
4. Da GIS captures the images that remote sensing then prints out as finished maps

1. Amore accurate, but limited to very small areas of ground at a time
2. Bslower and more prone to error, and hard to update once the map is drawn
3. Cfaster to update, but far less accurate in the measurements that they record
4. Dcheaper to run, but impossible to reproduce in more than one colour

1. Ato control the amount of rain that falls on the fields
2. Bto monitor crop growth and map land use changes from season to season
3. Cto fix in advance the price at which the harvested crop will be sold at market
4. Dto replace the fertiliser a growing crop needs during the season

1. Atoday's needs are met without exhausting what future generations will need
2. Bthe fastest possible rate of economic growth is achieved in the present year
3. Cno resource is used at all until its full extent has been measured
4. Dall resources are exported in order to earn the most foreign currency

1. Aa shortage of land on which any development could take place
2. Bthe refusal of every government to sign environmental treaties
3. Ccorruption and weak enforcement of the laws on resource management
4. Dthe complete absence of any natural resources that would be worth managing

1. Aevery one of the five methods listed is used by more than half of all the farmers
2. Bcontour ridges are the most widely used method and zero tillage the least used
3. Czero tillage is practised by more farmers than crop rotation is
4. Dgulley protection is the most widely used of the five methods listed

1. Aadd nitrogen to the soil and so raise the yield of the following crop
2. Bremove the need for any weeding during the growing season
3. Care built once by the government and never need maintenance
4. Dslow runoff across a slope, so that sloping land can still be cropped

1. Akeeps rain from falling directly onto bare soil in winter
2. Bvaries the demand on soil nutrients and breaks pest and disease cycles
3. Cholds the runoff back on the steepest part of a long cultivated hillside
4. Draises the depth of the topsoil by several centimetres a year

1. Abanning the export of hardwood timber and furniture
2. Bextending the electricity supply to rural households
3. Cgazetting a new national park in a forested district
4. Dholding a national tree planting day once a year

1. Aplanting trees on land that did not carry forest before
2. Breplanting trees on land that was recently cleared of forest
3. Ccutting only the mature trees and leaving the young ones standing
4. Dclearing a strip of ground around a plantation of young trees

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1. AKamativi, tin
2. BBuchwa, gold
3. CRenco, asbestos
4. DShabani, iron ore

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Answer this when you sit the paper.

1. Ait disturbs a much smaller area of the land surface than a shaft mine does
2. Bit leaves no waste rock at all to be dumped near the workings
3. Cthe workings are open and well ventilated, so there are fewer accidents
4. Dit can reach a seam lying two hundred metres below the ground surface

1. Aadit mining, driven horizontally into the side of a nearby hill
2. Balluvial panning in the bed of the nearest river
3. Copen cast stripping of all the rock lying above it
4. Dshaft mining, with a vertical shaft sunk down to the seam

1. Adrilling a borehole and pumping the mineral to the surface
2. Badit mining, driven horizontally into the hillside along the seam
3. Cshaft mining, with a deep vertical shaft and winding headgear above
4. Dpanning the river gravels on the floor of the valley below

Answer this when you sit the paper.

1. Aan increase in the volume of water the river carries
2. Bthe drying up of boreholes on the watershed above
3. Csiltation and pollution of the water, which kills aquatic life
4. Da permanent rise in the level of the river's floodplain downstream

1. Abanning the use of any machinery at small scale workings
2. Blicensing the miners and training them in safe working methods
3. Craising the royalty charged on every gramme of gold that is sold
4. Dclosing the formal channels through which they sell their gold

1. Aburns off all the standing vegetation before planting in each new season
2. Bkeeps no livestock of any kind on the holding at any time
3. Cgrows only crops that are sold, and never crops that are eaten
4. Dstays on the same land permanently instead of moving on to fresh plots

1. Aan irrigated estate producing a single crop for export
2. Ba plantation of tree crops managed by a company
3. Ca small plot worked with family labour and ox draught power
4. Da large fenced ranch worked entirely by hired machinery and labour

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Answer this when you sit the paper.

1. Aplanter, used to drop seed at evenly spaced points
2. Bplough, used to turn the soil over into open furrows
3. Cridger, used to build up ridges for a root crop
4. Dharrow, used to break up clods and level the seedbed

1. Aa rope tied round the horns of the leading pair of animals in the span
2. Ba rigid steel bar bolted directly onto the plough's handles
3. Ca leather harness strapped around each animal's belly
4. Da chain running from the plough forward to the yoke on their necks

1. Awhether there is a reliable market and a water supply for the product
2. Bhow many other businesses of the same kind have failed in that district
3. Cwhich political party the local councillor happens to belong to
4. Dhow far the site lies from the nearest international border

1. Aa bank loan taken out against the owner's assets
2. Ba fine paid to the local authority for trading
3. Ca rate levied on the business by the council
4. Da tax paid on the profit that the business earns

1. Aare accessible to many customers and cost little or nothing in rent
2. Bare the only sites on which the council permits any trading to happen
3. Chave the cheapest supplies of electricity and of piped water
4. Dlie furthest away from the large formal retail shops in town

1. Aprimary activity carried on at a large industrial scale
2. Bsecondary activity carried on at a small workshop scale
3. Cquaternary activity carried on at a medium scale
4. Dtertiary activity carried on at a small to medium scale

1. Atiered shelves displaying shoes for sale
2. Ba table carrying bottles and containers
3. Ca refuse bin standing beside a swept pavement
4. Da rail of clothing hung up under a shade awning

1. Atrades only during formal shop opening hours
2. Bsells goods cheaply, at prices the buyer can negotiate
3. Cguarantees the quality of every single item that it sells
4. Dpays the highest wages available anywhere in the city

1. Athere is no security of tenure, and stock can be lost in a clean-up
2. Ball the goods sold must be bought from one single approved wholesaler
3. Cthe trading hours are fixed by law and cannot be changed
4. Da large amount of capital is needed before trading can start

1. Aloans at low interest, together with training and trading space
2. Ba higher rate of tax charged on the goods that they intend to sell
3. Cstricter licensing that limits the number of traders allowed
4. Dclosure of the market during the busiest months of the year

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1. Araises the level of water held in the local dam
2. Bremoves the need for any road building nearby
3. Creduces the cutting of trees for firewood
4. Dincreases the amount of rain the area receives

1. Arefrigerate vaccines and drugs, and use electric lighting after dark
2. Btreat its patients without needing any trained nursing staff
3. Csupply piped water to every homestead in the surrounding rural district
4. Doperate even when no drugs at all are delivered to it

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1. AVictoria Falls
2. BKafue Gorge
3. CHwange
4. DKariba South

1. Acan be developed at any site in any country in the world
2. Bneeds neither a dam wall nor a reservoir behind it to work
3. Cgenerates electricity without any machinery being needed
4. Dis renewable and gives off no smoke, ash or greenhouse gas

1. Atail race
2. Bhead race
3. Ctransmission line
4. Dpenstock

Answer this when you sit the paper.

1. Aremoving the need for boreholes anywhere in the country
2. Bsupplying water for irrigation, for livestock and for household use
3. Craising the average air temperature across the whole surrounding district
4. Dpreventing any flooding at all along the length of the river

1. Athe natural silt that the river carries down during the rainy season
2. Bevaporation from the surface of the city's supply dam
3. Cthe chlorine added to the water at the treatment works
4. Dburst sewer pipes and uncollected refuse washing into the streams

1. Aa change in the colour of the water in the pipes
2. Ban increase in the hardness of the piped water
3. Ca rise in the cost of the household water bill
4. Doutbreaks of cholera, typhoid and dysentery

1. Ait makes the soil too acid for any weed at all to grow in it
2. Bit exhausts the soil nutrients and leaves the surface open to erosion
3. Cit raises the water table until the whole of the field becomes waterlogged
4. Dit increases the amount of organic matter held in the topsoil

1. Aa permanent fall in the level of the bed of the river further downstream
2. Bthe river to change its course across the floodplain
3. Can increase in the river's discharge in the dry season
4. Dwater pollution that kills fish and makes the water unsafe to drink

1. Astraining the water through a cloth into a drum
2. Bstoring the water in a covered clay pot for a week
3. Cboiling the water, or treating it with a purifying tablet
4. Dstanding the water in an open bucket overnight so that it settles

1. Adrilling boreholes into the groundwater beneath the city
2. Brationing the supply to a few hours on certain days each week
3. Craising the tariff charged for each unit of water used
4. Drunning an awareness campaign on saving water at home

Answer this when you sit the paper.

1. Arules made by a local authority to regulate activities in its own area
2. Blaws passed by parliament and applying to the whole of the country
3. Cagreements made between two neighbouring countries about a shared river
4. Dconditions written into a private contract between two traders

1. Ameasuring the exact area of every stand in the area in hectares
2. Bcollecting the rates due on each property in the area every month
3. Cdeciding in advance what each part of the area is to be used for
4. Drecording the names of everyone who owns land in the area

1. Athe soil found there is the most fertile in the whole city
2. Bthe council supplies water and sewerage to that land first
3. Cit is the land carrying the highest value in the whole city
4. Dthat land is unoccupied and nobody enforces a claim to it

1. Aprevalence is highest in Harare and lowest in Matabeleland South
2. Bevery province listed recorded a prevalence above 15 per cent
3. CManicaland recorded a higher prevalence than Bulawayo did
4. Dprevalence is highest in Matabeleland South and lowest in Harare

1. Athose provinces hold the largest populations in the country
2. Btesting is not carried out at all in any of the other provinces
3. Ccross-border trade and labour migration move people between the countries
4. Dthose provinces receive the least rainfall of any provinces in the country

1. Aantiretroviral treatment given to the mother during pregnancy
2. Ba blood transfusion given to the baby soon after it has been born
3. Ctesting the baby's father for the virus before the birth
4. Ddelaying the baby's first immunisation by about six months

1. Abanning the sale of farm produce in the markets of the city
2. Bextending electricity, clinics, schools and tarred roads to that district
3. Craising the rents charged on urban housing throughout the city
4. Dclosing down the bus services that run between the town and the countryside

Answer this when you sit the paper.

1. Athe transport of raw materials from a mine to the nearest port
2. Bthe exchange of goods and services within and between countries
3. Cthe manufacture of goods in a factory for sale in another country
4. Dthe movement of people from one country to another for work

1. Afixes the price of every traded commodity for the whole year
2. Bearns foreign currency and gives access to goods not made locally
3. Cremoves the need for the country to produce anything at all for itself
4. Dguarantees that local firms will never face any competition

1. AZimbabwe has a trade surplus with South Africa of 33 million dollars
2. Btrade with the United Kingdom shows a deficit of 48 million dollars
3. CSouth Africa is the largest trading partner, and trade with it shows a deficit
4. Dthe United States is by far the largest of the three trading partners that are listed

Answer this when you sit the paper.

1. Athe country lying furthest away from Zimbabwe's borders
2. Ba close neighbour inside the same regional trading bloc
3. Cthe only country producing the goods that Zimbabwe needs
4. Dthe country with the weakest currency in the whole region

1. Aa guaranteed price for every commodity that the members export abroad
2. Bthe right to trade with no region outside their own grouping
3. Creduced import duties and easier movement of goods across borders
4. Dthe abolition of each member country's own national currency

1. Arefurbishing the track and locomotives and upgrading the signalling
2. Breducing the number of trains allowed to run on the main line daily
3. Craising the tariff charged for each tonne of freight carried
4. Dclosing the branch lines that serve the mining districts

Answer this when you sit the paper.