Agriculture Paper 2 November 2021

1. Abrought in the first hybrid maize varieties grown in the country
2. Bset aside the drier natural regions for wildlife rather than crops
3. Copened up arable land to the majority of the farming population
4. Draised the price paid for maize delivered to the marketing depot

1. Aburn the whole grazing block at the height of the dry season
2. Bleave the standing grass uncut so that it shades the soil surface
3. Cplough a wide fireguard along the boundary of the grazing area
4. Dgraze the paddock down to bare soil before the rains arrive

Answer this when you sit the paper.

1. Areturn each seedling to the exact position marked out by its peg
2. Btest whether the soil in the pit is deep enough to hold water
3. Cmark out the contour along which the tree rows will be planted
4. Dmeasure the depth to which the tap root of the seedling is cut back

1. Ait kills the deep roots of the grasses and stops any regrowth
2. Bit removes the grass cover and leaves the soil bare and open to erosion
3. Cit compacts the topsoil so heavily that rain water can no longer drain away
4. Dit raises the nitrogen held in the topsoil above what grass can use

1. Awork in well rotted manure or compost so the particles bind into crumbs
2. Bapply an ammonium nitrate top dressing at the start of the rainy season
3. Cplough the land repeatedly while the soil is still wet after the rain
4. Dgraze cattle on the land so that their hooves break the surface down

1. Aburning the crop residues in the field before the first rains fall
2. Bplanting the crop rows straight up and down the slope of the land
3. Cclearing all grass from the waterway so that run off leaves quickly
4. Ddigging infiltration pits in the contour ridges so run off soaks in

Tap to enlarge

1. Asandy clay loam
2. Bsandy loam
3. Csilty clay
4. Dsilty clay loam

Tap to enlarge

1. Asilty clay
2. Bclay
3. Cclay loam
4. Dsandy clay

1. Apoisoning the maize at the field edge so that the raiding troop feeds on it
2. Bscaring the troop with guards and noise, and fencing where they enter
3. Csetting snares along the paths the troop uses to reach the standing crop
4. Dclearing the whole woodland beside the field so the troop cannot live there

Answer this when you sit the paper.

1. Aanchor the plant firmly in the soil so that it stands against wind
2. Brelease oxygen into the soil air for the use of the soil bacteria
3. Cmanufacture starch from the carbon dioxide taken in by the root hairs
4. Dcarry out transpiration so that water is lost from the plant

1. Aa crop that no longer needs fertiliser because it fixes its own nitrogen
2. Bgrain that ripens without any rainfall during the growing season
3. Ca variety that yields more and resists the diseases common in the area
4. Dseed that can be replanted for many seasons without any loss of yield

1. Aturns the shoot towards the brightest side of the field during the day
2. Bdraws water into the stem when the soil around the plant dries out
3. Clets the tendrils grip a support so the leaves are held up to the light
4. Dmakes the roots grow downwards through the soil in response to the pull of gravity

Answer this when you sit the paper.

1. Aisthmus: the thick albumen and the chalazae
2. Bshell gland: the inner and outer shell membranes
3. Cmagnum: the hard calcium shell of the egg
4. Dmagnum: the thick albumen and the chalazae

1. Aa protein concentrate alone, fed twice a day in place of roughage
2. Bgreen maize stover alone, with no water offered during the dry months
3. Cveld hay and a mineral lick, with clean water always available
4. Dmaize meal fed at ten kilograms a day and no roughage at all

1. Athree in four
2. Bnone of them
3. Cone in four
4. Done in two

1. APp and pp in equal numbers
2. BPp only, with no other genotype
3. CPP and Pp in equal numbers
4. DPP, Pp and pp in the ratio 1:2:1

1. Alandside
2. Bmouldboard
3. Cshare
4. Dcoulter

Answer this when you sit the paper.

1. Aare light and strong and shed rain water quickly off a sloping roof
2. Bkeep the building cool because they absorb little of the sun's heat
3. Care soft enough to be cut and bent to shape with an ordinary hand saw
4. Dswell when wet, so that the joints between the sheets close themselves

1. Aconduct the heat of the sun away from the rooms below the roof
2. Bcan be bent into curves without cracking along the corrugations
3. Cresist rusting when they are wetted by rain season after season
4. Dbecome heavy enough to stay in place without any roofing nails

1. Ajoin the two halves of the yoke together over the animals' necks
2. Bhold the two oxen apart so that their necks are not chafed
3. Ctransmit the pull from the yoke to the implement being drawn
4. Dadjust the depth at which the plough share runs in the soil

1. Agood rainfall through the season together with input support to farmers
2. Ba long mid season dry spell that cut the disease in the standing crop
3. Ca fall in the area of land planted to cereals across the country
4. Da sharp rise in the price of fertiliser at the start of the planting season

1. Aplanting certified seed of a variety suited to the natural region
2. Bplanting seed saved from the previous season's hybrid maize crop
3. Cplanting as late as possible so that the rains are certain to have set in
4. Dplanting at a wider spacing than the seed house recommends

Tap to enlarge

1. AStage C, because the birds keep growing steadily however long they are kept
2. BStage C, because feed is cheapest once the birds have stopped growing
3. CStage A, because the birds are still eating very little feed at that point
4. DStage B, because growth is still fast for the feed the birds are eating

1. Adate of purchase, price paid, feed eaten and the date the animal was sold
2. Bdate of service, boar used, farrowing date and number of piglets born
3. Cdates of dosing and dipping, and the drug used on each occasion
4. Ddaily feed intake, water drunk and the mass gained in each week

1. AA fungal disease is cured by an antibiotic spray, and dies out once the rains have ended
2. BA virus disease shows a powdery growth on the leaf, and spreads in wind blown spores
3. CA fungal disease shows no outward sign, and is carried only in the seed of the crop
4. DA virus disease shows mottling and stunting, and is carried between plants by a vector

Answer this when you sit the paper.

1. Athe sticky ooze that runs from a cut made across the stem of the plant
2. Bthe swelling of the root tips into hard galls that break open in the soil
3. Cthe mottled yellow and green pattern that spreads through the young leaves
4. Dthe growth of mould, rust pustules or powdery patches on the plant surface

1. Amakes the roots grow towards the wetter side of the soil around them
2. Bmakes the radicle grow down into the soil, whichever way the seed lies
3. Cmakes the shoot bend towards the strongest light falling on the field
4. Dmakes the tendrils curl tightly around the nearest support the plant touches

1. Adrives the roots down to the water that is held deep in the subsoil
2. Bcloses the stomata as soon as the leaf surface begins to lose water in the sun
3. Cthickens the stem so that the plant can carry a heavier head of grain
4. Dturns the leaves and the shoots towards the light so that more is caught

Answer this when you sit the paper.

1. Aburies weeds and trash and opens the soil to roots and rain water
2. Bwarms the subsoil so that the seed germinates before the rains arrive
3. Craises the nitrogen level of the soil to the amount the crop will need
4. Dlevels the land so that run off water leaves the field more quickly

1. Asmall seed needs close contact with fine soil to take up water
2. Ba fine seedbed holds the seed above the soil until the rains come
3. Cfine soil stops birds from finding the seed after it has been sown
4. Dsmall seed germinates only in soil that is left cloddy and rough

Answer this when you sit the paper.

1. Ahybrid seed gives high, even yields that fall away if the seed is replanted
2. Bhybrid seed costs less per hectare than the seed kept back from a crop
3. Chybrid seed germinates without needing any rain after it is planted
4. Dhybrid seed can be planted at any time of the year without any loss of yield

1. Ait can be harvested while still green and give a full yield of dry grain
2. Bit grows tall enough to shade out any weed that comes up with it
3. Cit needs no fertiliser because it takes its nitrogen from the air
4. Dit matures early, so the crop fills its grain before the rains stop

Answer this when you sit the paper.

1. Ait puts the nutrients where the young roots reach them and wastes less
2. Bit allows a much heavier rate of fertiliser to be applied per hectare
3. Cit stops the fertiliser from dissolving in the rain that follows planting
4. Dit saves the farmer from having to plough the land before planting

1. Aammonium nitrate must be worked into the soil to a depth of thirty centimetres
2. Bnitrogen leaches easily, so it is given when the crop can take it up fast
3. Cammonium nitrate does not dissolve until the plants are well established
4. Dtop dressing burns the leaves less than basal fertiliser placed in the row

1. Aa biting and chewing pest such as a locust or armyworm
2. Ba soil borne fungus such as the one that causes damping off
3. Ca piercing and sucking pest such as an aphid or a jassid
4. Da boring pest such as the larva of the maize stalk borer

1. Atunnelling into the stem and cutting off the flow of water upwards
2. Beating the roots so that the plant falls over in the first storm
3. Claying eggs in the grain so that it is spoiled in the store after harvest
4. Dcarrying virus diseases from an infected plant to a healthy one

1. Athe nymph of the maize leaf aphid
2. Bthe larva of the maize stalk borer
3. Cthe adult red spider mite on the leaf
4. Dthe cutworm that feeds at ground level

1. Aglucose and water give carbon dioxide, oxygen and energy
2. Bcarbon dioxide and water give glucose and oxygen, in light
3. Cglucose and oxygen give carbon dioxide, water and energy
4. Dcarbon dioxide and oxygen give glucose and water, in light

1. Atrap the energy of sunlight so that it can be used in the leaf
2. Bopen and close the stomata as the light on the leaf changes
3. Csupply the carbon that is built into the sugar made in the leaf
4. Dcarry water from the roots up the stem and into the leaf blade

1. Adissolves the chlorophyll so that it spreads through the leaf cells
2. Bkeeps the leaf cool while the sun shines on it during the day
3. Csupplies the hydrogen that is built into the sugar the leaf makes
4. Dcarries the sugar made in the leaf down to the roots for storage

1. Athere is too little carbon dioxide under the net for the crop to use
2. Bthere is too little light for the leaves to make enough sugar
3. Cthe leaves lose their chlorophyll when they are kept out of the sun
4. Dthe roots take up less water when the soil surface is kept shaded

1. Ais fed to a young animal only until it reaches its mature mass
2. Bsupplies protein but no energy to an animal that is not working
3. Ckeeps the animal's body mass steady, with no gain and no loss
4. Dallows the animal to grow, milk or work as well as stay alive

1. Athe production ration replaces the water that she loses in the milk
2. Ba cow in milk cannot digest roughage while she is being milked
3. Cthe maintenance ration of a milking cow is less than that of a dry cow
4. Dthe milk she gives draws on nutrients over and above her body needs

Answer this when you sit the paper.

1. Akeeps the house dark so that the birds lay more eggs in a day
2. Bstops the birds from scratching and so saves the concrete floor
3. Cfeeds the birds with the grain that is left among the shavings
4. Dabsorbs the droppings and keeps the floor dry under the birds

1. Ait makes collecting the eggs quicker than picking them from cages
2. Bit costs less to put up and lets the birds move about freely
3. Cit keeps the birds off the litter so that disease cannot build up
4. Dit holds far more birds on the same area of floor than cages do

1. Athe birds can find the maize grain that has fallen through it
2. Bit stays loose and dry, and does not cake and give off ammonia
3. Cthe house is kept warm enough for the birds during the night
4. Dthe droppings are spread out evenly for sale as manure later in the year

1. A32 m
2. B60 m
3. C64 m
4. D16 m

1. A$80
2. B$160
3. C$300
4. D$320

1. Awill not drink water unless the house is warmer than the air outside
2. Bcannot control their own body heat until their feathers have grown
3. Ceat far less feed at a high temperature and so cost less to rear
4. Dgrow their feathers faster when the air around them is kept very warm

1. Athe feeders are too few, and the birds are waiting to be fed
2. Bthe house is too cold, and the birds are huddling to keep warm
3. Cthe house is too hot, and the birds are moving away from the walls
4. Dthe litter is too deep, and the birds cannot walk about on it easily

1. Acools the house so that the brooder lamps have to burn for longer
2. Bmakes the chicks drink less water than they need in hot weather
3. Cholds the feed down so that the birds cannot reach it on the floor
4. Dgives off ammonia and leads to breast blisters and sore eyes

1. Aeach hen has a space of its own in which to feed away from the other birds
2. Bthe hens can be shut in at night away from the cold of the floor
3. Cthe hens lay in one clean place and fewer eggs are dirtied or broken
4. Dthe birds have somewhere to shelter from the light during the day

1. Athe buck is kept away from the young until they have been weaned
2. Bshe eats less feed while she is still carrying the young litter
3. Cthe young are born in a warm sheltered place and are not chilled
4. Dshe can be moved to another hutch without disturbing the litter

1. Akeep the birds from wearing down the litter on the floor
2. Bstop the birds from pecking one another and eating the eggs
3. Callow the birds to be handled more easily at vaccination
4. Dmake the birds eat more of the mash that is put out for them

1. A240
2. B288
3. C2 400
4. D2 880

1. Aslower growth and more disease, as the birds crowd and foul the litter
2. Bfaster growth, because the birds keep one another warm through the night
3. Ccleaner litter, because the droppings are spread over more birds
4. Dlower feed costs, because the birds move about less in the house

1. Athe animals have to walk uphill to reach the grazing each day
2. Bthe pen catches the run off from the fields above it in the rains
3. Cthe pen is out of sight of the road that passes the farm boundary
4. Durine and washings drain away and the pen does not stay wet

1. Aa clean water supply close by and a road on which the milk can leave
2. Ba place as far from the grazing paddocks as the boundary allows
3. Ca position at the lowest point of the farm, where water collects
4. Da site under a thick stand of trees so that the shed is always shaded

1. Athe prevailing wind blows in at one end and out at the other
2. Bthe roof sheds its rain water towards the nearest grazing paddock
3. Cthe animals face the rising sun as they leave in the morning
4. Dthe sun does not shine straight into the house through the day

1. A$95,00
2. B$285,00
3. C$570,00
4. D$600,00

1. A$231
2. B$281
3. C$381
4. D$481

1. A$189
2. B$381
3. C$570
4. D$951

1. Atakes the place of reporting an outbreak to the veterinary officer
2. Bkills the virus that is already in the body of an animal that is sick
3. Cmakes the animal produce antibodies before it ever meets the disease
4. Dkeeps ticks and biting flies off the animal for a whole season

1. Athe animal builds up a resistance to any drug that is given early
2. Bthe drugs that would kill a virus cost more than a small farmer can pay
3. Ca virus lives in the litter rather than in the body of the animal
4. Dthere is no drug that kills a virus, so only the signs can be eased