Danho
ZIMSEC A Level · J2004

Geography Paper 2 June 2004

Questions
32
Total marks
350

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Questions
32
Pass mark
20
Sit this paper

Answer every question in the printed order, get marked at the end, then see the answers.

The questions

Question 101

[1 marks]industrial systems fieldwork methodology
During fieldwork on a factory's industrial system, the linkages between raw material inputs, production processes and outputs are best presented in a report using which type of diagram?
  1. ASystems (flow) diagram with labelled arrows
  2. BChoropleth map with shading to show regional variation
  3. CPie chart with segments showing proportional shares
  4. DScatter graph plotting the relationship between two variables

Question 201

[1 marks]migration survey methodology
In presenting migration survey results, a map that uses arrows to show the origins and directions of people moving into a town is called a:
  1. ADot map showing population distribution by dot count
  2. BFlow map of migrant origins and directions
  3. CIsoline map showing travel-time contours around the town
  4. DChoropleth map showing settlement density by shaded zones

Question 301

[1 marks]population geography
In the Demographic Transition Model, the stage characterised by high birth and death rates and consequently low natural increase, typical of isolated tribal societies, is Stage ______.

Answer this when you sit the paper.

Question 302

[1 marks]population geography
In the Demographic Transition Model, which stage is characterised by a still-high birth rate combined with a falling death rate, producing rapid natural increase?
  1. AStage 3
  2. BStage 4
  3. CStage 1
  4. DStage 2

Question 303

[1 marks]population geography
In the Demographic Transition Model, which stage is characterised by both birth and death rates being low, resulting in a low rate of natural increase?
  1. AStage 4
  2. BStage 1
  3. CStage 2
  4. DStage 3

Question 304

[1 marks]population geography
In the Demographic Transition Model, the stage in which the birth rate falls below the death rate, leading to population decline, is Stage ______.

Answer this when you sit the paper.

Question 401

[1 marks]population and society
The enforced or de facto separation of different racial groups in areas such as housing, education or public facilities is known as racial ______.

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Question 402

[1 marks]population and society
Which term refers to a shared cultural identity, based on features such as language, religion, customs and ancestry, that distinguishes one group of people from another?
  1. ACitizenship
  2. BDemography
  3. CEthnicity
  4. DNationality

Question 403

[1 marks]population and society
A society composed of people from several different racial or ethnic backgrounds living together within the same country or area is best described as a:
  1. AMulti-racial society, made up of several different racial groups
  2. BNation-state, built primarily around one national identity
  3. CDiaspora, a group dispersed abroad from its original homeland
  4. DHomogeneous society, dominated by a single racial or ethnic group

Question 501

[1 marks]settlement geography
The regular movement of people between a rural home and an urban workplace, made on a daily basis without any permanent change of residence, illustrates which type of rural-urban interaction?
  1. AEmigration
  2. BTranshumance
  3. CUrbanisation
  4. DCommuting

Question 601

[1 marks]urban geography
The uncontrolled, low-density outward expansion of a city into the surrounding rural land is called urban ______.

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Question 602

[1 marks]urban geography
The process by which a previously run-down inner-city area is renovated and upgraded, attracting wealthier residents and businesses and displacing the lower-income original residents, is called:
  1. ACounter-urbanisation
  2. BGentrification
  3. CSuburbanisation
  4. DUrban renewal

Question 603

[1 marks]urban geography
A protected strip of land around a city, within which new building development is restricted in order to control outward urban expansion, is known as a:
  1. AGreen belt
  2. BUrban growth boundary
  3. CBrownfield site
  4. DConservation area

Question 701

[1 marks]agriculture and development
Which of the following is identified as a cause of food surpluses in More Economically Developed Countries (MEDCs), rather than a cause of food shortages in Less Economically Developed Countries (LEDCs)?
  1. AGovernment subsidies supporting high agricultural output
  2. BLand degradation steadily reducing the area of usable farmland
  3. CRapid population growth outpacing local food production capacity
  4. DUnreliable and inadequate seasonal rainfall during the growing period

Question 801

[1 marks]agricultural land-use and policy
Which factor influencing agricultural land use refers to farmers' access to irrigation, machinery and improved seed varieties, allowing more intensive and higher-yielding production?
  1. AGovernment policy on land use
  2. BLand tenure arrangements
  3. CSize of the agricultural holding
  4. DTechnology available to farmers

Question 802

[1 marks]agricultural land-use and policy
Larger agricultural holdings tend to allow more extensive, mechanised production, whereas smaller holdings tend towards intensive, labour-based ______ use.

Answer this when you sit the paper.

Question 901

[1 marks]industrial development stages
A model of industrial development traces the growth of an industrial region through four stages, from small-scale dispersed pre-factory production to eventual industrial decline. Which stage is characterised by the emergence of a factory system, with industrial towns beginning to develop and link along a transport corridor?
  1. AMaturity
  2. BSenility
  3. CInfancy
  4. DYouth

Question 902

[1 marks]industrial development stages
A model of industrial development traces the growth of an industrial region through four stages, from small-scale dispersed pre-factory production to eventual industrial decline. Which stage is characterised by industrial decline, leaving behind a thinned-out network of surviving industrial towns?
  1. AInfancy
  2. BYouth
  3. CMaturity
  4. DSenility

Question 903

[1 marks]industrial development stages
A model of industrial development traces the growth of an industrial region through four stages, from small-scale dispersed pre-factory production to eventual industrial decline. Which stage is characterised by small-scale, dispersed, pre-factory production based in villages and towns with little linkage between them?
  1. ASenility
  2. BInfancy
  3. CYouth
  4. DMaturity

Question 1001

[1 marks]tourism geography
In the context of tourism, the term used to describe how initial tourist spending circulates through the local economy, as hotels, guides and suppliers re-spend their tourism-derived income locally, generating further rounds of income and employment, is the:
  1. ACarrying capacity
  2. BLeakage effect
  3. CMultiplier effect
  4. DTrickle-down effect

Question 1101

[1 marks]resource exploitation and environment
Before a mining licence is granted, many countries require an assessment evaluating the likely effects of the proposed project on the environment. This is called an environmental ______ assessment.

Answer this when you sit the paper.

Question 1102

[1 marks]resource exploitation and environment
In gold mining, which two chemicals used in ore processing are identified as causes of water pollution from mineral exploitation?
  1. AChlorine and ammonia
  2. BMercury and cyanide
  3. CNitrates and phosphates
  4. DSulphur and lead

Question 1201

[1 marks]environmental pollution
Rising atmospheric concentrations of which two gases, released mainly from fossil fuel burning and deforestation, and from agriculture and waste respectively, are identified as the main drivers of global warming?
  1. AOxygen and nitrogen released from ordinary combustion
  2. BOzone and chlorine released from industrial refrigerants
  3. CCarbon dioxide and methane
  4. DHydrogen and helium released from the upper atmosphere

Question 1202

[1 marks]environmental pollution
Greenhouse gases raise average global temperatures by trapping more outgoing long-wave ______ within the atmosphere.

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Question 1301

[1 marks]transport geography
In transport network analysis, a point where routes meet or terminate, such as a town or port, is called a ______.

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Question 1302

[1 marks]transport geography
In transport network analysis, the ease with which a place can be reached from other places on the network is termed its:
  1. AAccessibility
  2. BNetwork connectivity
  3. CRoute circuity
  4. DNetwork density

Question 1303

[1 marks]transport geography
In transport network analysis, the degree to which the nodes of a network are directly linked to one another by routes is termed its:
  1. ANode density
  2. BAccessibility
  3. CConnectivity
  4. DNetwork complexity

Question 1304

[1 marks]transport geography
According to the Taaffe, Morrill and Gould model of transport network evolution in developing countries, which stage typically comes first, before feeder routes extend inland and the network eventually becomes interconnected?
  1. AA fully interconnected network linking all major centres
  2. BScattered coastal ports with minimal inland penetration
  3. CCircumferential routes linking secondary centres
  4. DFeeder routes extending inland from a single dominant port

Question 1401

[1 marks]development indicators
In 1980, energy consumption per capita (kg coal equivalent) for a group of countries included: USSR 5546, West Germany 5345, Norway 4607, France 3944 and Switzerland 3642. Which country had the highest energy consumption per capita among these five? ______

Answer this when you sit the paper.

Question 1402

[1 marks]development indicators
Among a group of countries, GDP per capita in 1980 (US$) was: Switzerland 8246, West Germany 6451, Norway 6400 and France 5859. Which of these four countries had the highest GDP per capita?
  1. AFrance
  2. BSwitzerland
  3. CWest Germany
  4. DNorway

Question 1403

[1 marks]development indicators
Among a group of countries, birth rate per 1000 population in 1980 was: Zambia 51.5, Kenya 48.7, Turkey 39.6 and Colombia 30.0. Which of these four countries had the highest birth rate?
  1. ATurkey
  2. BColombia
  3. CZambia
  4. DKenya

Question 1404

[1 marks]development indicators
In 1980 data, the USSR had the highest energy consumption per capita among a group of countries (ranked 1st), yet its GDP per capita of US$2600 was lower than that of six other countries in the group, including Switzerland, West Germany, Norway, France, Japan and New Zealand. What was the USSR's rank for GDP per capita in this data? ______

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