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ZIMSEC O Level · 4023/2 · N2022

Physics Paper 2 November 2022

Questions
62
Total marks
120
Time allowed
120 min
Syllabus code
4023/2

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Questions
62
Pass mark
38
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Answer every question in the printed order, get marked at the end, then see the answers.

The questions

Question 101

[1 marks]Reading a table of derived SI units, and using vernier calipers with a zero error to measure a bearing's diameter
In a table of derived quantities and their SI units, what is the SI unit of area?

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Question 102

[1 marks]Reading a table of derived SI units, and using vernier calipers with a zero error to measure a bearing's diameter
In a table of derived quantities and their SI units, what is the SI unit of density?

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Question 103

[3 marks]Reading a table of derived SI units, and using vernier calipers with a zero error to measure a bearing's diameter
A vernier caliper has a zero error of +0.02 cm (found by closing the jaws with nothing between them). When the same caliper is used to measure a bearing, the raw scale reading is 5.02 cm. Calculate the bearing's actual diameter.

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Question 201

[1 marks]Defining moment of a force, and using it to find the effort needed on a crowbar lifting a stone
The moment of a force about a pivot is defined as the force multiplied by the...
  1. Aperpendicular distance from the pivot to the line of action of the force.
  2. Btotal mass of the object the force acts on.
  3. Ctime for which the force is applied.
  4. Dtotal distance the object travels.

Question 202

[1 marks]Defining moment of a force, and using it to find the effort needed on a crowbar lifting a stone
What is the SI unit of the moment of a force?

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Question 203

[3 marks]Defining moment of a force, and using it to find the effort needed on a crowbar lifting a stone
A crowbar rests on a pivot. An effort E is applied 70 cm from the pivot, and a 500 kg stone rests on the bar 30 cm from the pivot on the other side. Taking moments about the pivot and using g = 10 N/kg, calculate the effort E needed to raise the stone.

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Question 301

[1 marks]Defining centre of mass and centre of gravity, and describing how to find the centre of mass of a plane lamina
The point where the whole mass of a body is considered to be concentrated is called the body's...
  1. Acentre of mass.
  2. Bcentre of pressure.
  3. Cgeometric outline.
  4. Dpoint of equilibrium.

Question 302

[1 marks]Defining centre of mass and centre of gravity, and describing how to find the centre of mass of a plane lamina
The point where the whole weight of a body appears to act is called the body's...
  1. Acentre of gravity.
  2. Bcentre of mass.
  3. Cmoment arm.
  4. Dfulcrum.

Question 303

[3 marks]Defining centre of mass and centre of gravity, and describing how to find the centre of mass of a plane lamina
To find the centre of mass of a plane lamina experimentally, at least four holes are drilled near its edge. The lamina is hung freely from a pin through one hole, and a plumbline hung from the same pin is traced onto the lamina. This is repeated for the other holes. The centre of mass is then...
  1. Athe point on the lamina closest to the first hole that was drilled.
  2. Bthe average position of the four drilled holes.
  3. Cthe point where all the traced plumbline lines intersect on the lamina.
  4. Dthe geometric centre of the lamina's outline, regardless of its shape.

Question 401

[1 marks]Defining a beam and the factors affecting joint strength, and finding the forces in a wall-mounted bracket supporting a load
A supported length of material that bears a load is called a...

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Question 402

[2 marks]Defining a beam and the factors affecting joint strength, and finding the forces in a wall-mounted bracket supporting a load
In a wall bracket, a horizontal beam XY is fixed into the wall at X and meets a diagonal beam at Y; a diagonal beam runs from the wall down at Z up to Y, propping Y up from below; a load hangs from Y. What type of force does the horizontal member XY experience?
  1. Acompression (it is being squashed).
  2. Bshear only, with no tension or compression.
  3. Cno force, since it only holds the diagonal in place.
  4. Dtension (it is being stretched).

Question 403

[2 marks]Defining a beam and the factors affecting joint strength, and finding the forces in a wall-mounted bracket supporting a load
In the same wall bracket, the diagonal beam props joint Y up from below, running down to the wall at Z, with a load hanging from Y. What type of force does this diagonal member experience?
  1. Ano force, since XY carries the whole load alone.
  2. Bcompression (it is being squashed).
  3. Ctension (it is being stretched).
  4. Dtorsion (it is being twisted).

Question 501

[1 marks]Explaining refraction, and finding the angle of refraction of a ray entering a glass block
What is the term for the bending of light as it passes from one medium into another of a different optical density?

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Question 502

[3 marks]Explaining refraction, and finding the angle of refraction of a ray entering a glass block
A ray of light in air (refractive index 1.00) strikes a glass block (refractive index 1.50) at an angle of incidence of 60 degrees. Calculate the angle of refraction.

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Question 503

[1 marks]Explaining refraction, and finding the angle of refraction of a ray entering a glass block
When a ray of light passes from air into an optically denser medium like glass, does it bend towards or away from the normal?

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Question 601

[2 marks]Hazards of electrostatics, and charging a polythene rod by friction with a cloth
Which of the following is NOT a hazard commonly associated with electrostatics?
  1. Alightning.
  2. Belectric shock or electrocution.
  3. Can electric fire caused by a spark.
  4. Da magnetic field being induced around the charged object.

Question 602

[3 marks]Hazards of electrostatics, and charging a polythene rod by friction with a cloth
When a polythene rod is rubbed with a (wool or cloth) duster, electrons are transferred from the cloth to the rod. This leaves the rod...
  1. Acharged only while the cloth stays in contact with it.
  2. Bnegatively charged, because it now has a surplus of electrons.
  3. Cpositively charged, because it has lost electrons.
  4. Dneutral, because the transferred charges cancel out.

Question 701

[2 marks]Factors affecting the resistance of a conductor, and calculating resistivity
Which of the following is NOT usually listed as a factor affecting the resistance of a conductor?
  1. Athe cross-sectional area (thickness) of the conductor.
  2. Bthe temperature of the conductor.
  3. Cthe colour of the conductor's insulation.
  4. Dthe length of the conductor.

Question 702

[3 marks]Factors affecting the resistance of a conductor, and calculating resistivity
A conductor has length 1.50 m, cross-sectional area 2.0 mm^2, and resistance 25.0 ohms. Calculate its resistivity in ohm metres.

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Question 801

[2 marks]Naming the logic gates in a combined circuit, and constructing its truth table
In a circuit, an AND gate's output feeds directly into a NOT gate. What is the combined name for an AND gate immediately followed by a NOT gate?
  1. Abuffer gate.
  2. BNAND gate.
  3. CNOR gate.
  4. DXOR gate.

Question 802

[1 marks]Naming the logic gates in a combined circuit, and constructing its truth table
In a circuit where an AND gate feeds into a NOT gate, with inputs A and B, what is the final Output when A = 1 and B = 1?

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Question 803

[2 marks]Naming the logic gates in a combined circuit, and constructing its truth table
In a circuit where an AND gate feeds into a NOT gate, with inputs A and B, what is the final Output when A = 0 and B = 1?

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Question 901

[1 marks]SI and base units, and finding the volume, density and mixed density of two liquids in graduated cylinders
What is the SI unit of volume?

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Question 902

[1 marks]SI and base units, and finding the volume, density and mixed density of two liquids in graduated cylinders
What is the SI unit of force?

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Question 903

[1 marks]SI and base units, and finding the volume, density and mixed density of two liquids in graduated cylinders
What is the SI unit of temperature?

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Question 904

[2 marks]SI and base units, and finding the volume, density and mixed density of two liquids in graduated cylinders
Force = mass x acceleration. Acceleration has base units of m/s^2, and mass has the base unit kg. What are the base units of force?

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Question 905

[2 marks]SI and base units, and finding the volume, density and mixed density of two liquids in graduated cylinders
Power = force x velocity. Force has base units kg m s^-2 and velocity has base units m/s. What are the base units of power?

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Question 906

[2 marks]SI and base units, and finding the volume, density and mixed density of two liquids in graduated cylinders
Voltage = work done / charge, and charge = current x time. Work done has base units kg m^2 s^-2 and current has the base unit A. What are the base units of voltage?

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Question 907

[3 marks]SI and base units, and finding the volume, density and mixed density of two liquids in graduated cylinders
A cylinder of diameter 30 cm contains liquid X filled to a height of 20 cm. Calculate the volume of liquid X, in cm^3.

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Question 908

[3 marks]SI and base units, and finding the volume, density and mixed density of two liquids in graduated cylinders
Liquid X has a mass of 80 g and fills a 30 cm diameter cylinder to a height of 20 cm (volume ~= 14137 cm^3). Calculate the density of liquid X, in g/cm^3.

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Question 909

[3 marks]SI and base units, and finding the volume, density and mixed density of two liquids in graduated cylinders
Liquid X (mass 80 g, volume ~= 14137 cm^3) is combined with liquid Y (mass 50 g, volume ~= 7069 cm^3) by pouring Y into the container holding X. Calculate the density of the resulting mixture, in g/cm^3.

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Question 910

[2 marks]SI and base units, and finding the volume, density and mixed density of two liquids in graduated cylinders
Name an instrument that can measure the thickness of a cylinder's wall, by taking the difference between its outside-diameter and inside-diameter readings.

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Question 1001

[2 marks]Energy conversions and hazards of electricity, work done climbing a hill, thermometric properties, and how a vacuum flask keeps a constant temperature
When a torch that uses a battery is switched on, which chain of energy conversions occurs?
  1. Aelectrical to chemical to light.
  2. Blight to electrical to chemical.
  3. Cchemical directly to light, with no electrical stage.
  4. Dchemical to electrical to light.

Question 1002

[2 marks]Energy conversions and hazards of electricity, work done climbing a hill, thermometric properties, and how a vacuum flask keeps a constant temperature
Which of the following is NOT usually listed as an electrical hazard in the home?
  1. Adamaged insulation causing a short circuit.
  2. Ba lamp running at a low, safe voltage.
  3. Coverheating cables causing a fire.
  4. Ddamp conditions leading to electrocution.

Question 1003

[2 marks]Energy conversions and hazards of electricity, work done climbing a hill, thermometric properties, and how a vacuum flask keeps a constant temperature
State one way of saving electricity at home.

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Question 1004

[1 marks]Energy conversions and hazards of electricity, work done climbing a hill, thermometric properties, and how a vacuum flask keeps a constant temperature
Work done is defined as the product of a force and the distance moved in the direction of that force. What is its SI unit?

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Question 1005

[3 marks]Energy conversions and hazards of electricity, work done climbing a hill, thermometric properties, and how a vacuum flask keeps a constant temperature
A boy climbs a 25.0 m high hill carrying a 2.0 kg picnic basket. Using g = 10 N/kg, calculate the work done in carrying the basket, in J.

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Question 1006

[2 marks]Energy conversions and hazards of electricity, work done climbing a hill, thermometric properties, and how a vacuum flask keeps a constant temperature
Name a physical property that varies uniformly with temperature and so can be used to measure temperature (as in a thermometer).

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Question 1007

[3 marks]Energy conversions and hazards of electricity, work done climbing a hill, thermometric properties, and how a vacuum flask keeps a constant temperature
A vacuum flask has a double-walled glass vessel with a vacuum between the walls, both walls silvered on the vacuum side, and a stopper at the neck. Which feature mainly reduces heat loss by radiation?
  1. Athe vacuum between the two glass walls.
  2. Bthe stopper at the neck.
  3. Cthe outer plastic case.
  4. Dthe silvered surfaces on the vacuum side of the double walls.

Question 1008

[2 marks]Energy conversions and hazards of electricity, work done climbing a hill, thermometric properties, and how a vacuum flask keeps a constant temperature
When boiling water in a pot, it is always heated from below because...
  1. Aheated water at the bottom becomes less dense, rises, and sets up a convection current that heats the whole body of water.
  2. Bheating from above cools the water down faster than heating from below.
  3. Cheating from below stops the water from evaporating.
  4. Dconvection can only occur when the heat source is above the water.

Question 1101

[1 marks]Wave motion and calculating wavelength, lens properties and correcting short sight, and fuses and wire thickness in household circuits
Wave motion is the transfer of ___ from one point to another, without there being a transfer of matter.

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Question 1102

[2 marks]Wave motion and calculating wavelength, lens properties and correcting short sight, and fuses and wire thickness in household circuits
Which of the following correctly states a difference between mechanical waves and electromagnetic waves?
  1. Athere is no real difference between the two types of wave.
  2. Bmechanical waves need a material medium to travel through; electromagnetic waves do not.
  3. Cmechanical waves travel faster than electromagnetic waves.
  4. Delectromagnetic waves need a material medium to travel through; mechanical waves do not.

Question 1103

[3 marks]Wave motion and calculating wavelength, lens properties and correcting short sight, and fuses and wire thickness in household circuits
A sound wave has a velocity of 330 m/s and a period of 1.5 ms. Calculate its wavelength, in m.

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Question 1104

[2 marks]Wave motion and calculating wavelength, lens properties and correcting short sight, and fuses and wire thickness in household circuits
Which option correctly states two properties of the image formed by a (simple) magnifying glass, used in the usual way?
  1. Amagnified and real.
  2. Bdiminished and virtual.
  3. Cmagnified and virtual.
  4. Ddiminished and real.

Question 1105

[2 marks]Wave motion and calculating wavelength, lens properties and correcting short sight, and fuses and wire thickness in household circuits
To find the focal length of a converging lens, an image of what kind of object is formed on a screen, so that the distance from the lens to that image gives the focal length?

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Question 1106

[3 marks]Wave motion and calculating wavelength, lens properties and correcting short sight, and fuses and wire thickness in household circuits
A concave (diverging) lens is used to correct short sight. Why does this work?
  1. Ait simply magnifies the image so the retina can detect it more easily.
  2. Bit blocks part of the incoming light so the retina is not overwhelmed.
  3. Cit diverges the rays before they enter the eye, so the eye's own (converging) lens now focuses them exactly on the retina instead of in front of it.
  4. Dit converges the rays further, so they focus behind the retina instead of on it.

Question 1107

[1 marks]Wave motion and calculating wavelength, lens properties and correcting short sight, and fuses and wire thickness in household circuits
State one application of lenses, other than in spectacles.

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Question 1108

[2 marks]Wave motion and calculating wavelength, lens properties and correcting short sight, and fuses and wire thickness in household circuits
A fuse is included in a three-pin plug in order to...
  1. Astore electrical charge for the appliance to use later.
  2. Bconvert the AC mains supply to DC for the appliance.
  3. Cprevent excess current from flowing in the circuit, protecting the appliance.
  4. Dincrease the voltage supplied to the appliance.

Question 1109

[2 marks]Wave motion and calculating wavelength, lens properties and correcting short sight, and fuses and wire thickness in household circuits
A fuse is rated 5 A and connected to 100 W bulbs in parallel, on a 240 V mains supply. Calculate the current flowing in one bulb, in A.

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Question 1110

[2 marks]Wave motion and calculating wavelength, lens properties and correcting short sight, and fuses and wire thickness in household circuits
A fuse is rated 5 A and connected to 100 W bulbs (each drawing about 0.42 A) in parallel, on a 240 V mains supply. Calculate the maximum whole number of bulbs that can be connected before the fuse blows.

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Question 1201

[1 marks]The motor effect on a current-carrying conductor, an electromagnet's construction and material, transformer energy losses and efficiency, and alpha decay
A straight conductor carries current into the page, placed between a magnet's N pole (on its left) and S pole (on its right). In which direction does the conductor move?

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Question 1202

[1 marks]The motor effect on a current-carrying conductor, an electromagnet's construction and material, transformer energy losses and efficiency, and alpha decay
What rule is used to predict the direction of motion of a current-carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field?

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Question 1203

[2 marks]The motor effect on a current-carrying conductor, an electromagnet's construction and material, transformer energy losses and efficiency, and alpha decay
Which of the following is NOT one of the factors that affects the magnitude of the force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field?
  1. Athe overall size of the magnet producing the field.
  2. Bthe length of the conductor (in the field).
  3. Cthe current flowing through the conductor.
  4. Dthe magnetic field strength (flux density).

Question 1204

[1 marks]The motor effect on a current-carrying conductor, an electromagnet's construction and material, transformer energy losses and efficiency, and alpha decay
Give one gadget or device built around the motor effect (a current-carrying conductor moving in a magnetic field).

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Question 1205

[1 marks]The motor effect on a current-carrying conductor, an electromagnet's construction and material, transformer energy losses and efficiency, and alpha decay
In an electromagnet's circuit (a coil of wire wound on an iron core, connected to a cell), what is the direction of current flow around the circuit as drawn?

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Question 1206

[2 marks]The motor effect on a current-carrying conductor, an electromagnet's construction and material, transformer energy losses and efficiency, and alpha decay
The core of an electromagnet (the bar the coil is wound around) is best made from which material, and why?
  1. Asteel, because it stays permanently magnetised once magnetised.
  2. Bcopper, because it is a good electrical conductor.
  3. Crubber, because it is a good electrical insulator.
  4. Diron (or an iron-silicon/nickel-iron alloy), because it is easy to magnetise and demagnetise.

Question 1207

[2 marks]The motor effect on a current-carrying conductor, an electromagnet's construction and material, transformer energy losses and efficiency, and alpha decay
Which of the following is NOT a recognised energy loss in a practical transformer?
  1. Ahysteresis loss from repeatedly magnetising and demagnetising the core.
  2. Bloss due to the colour of the transformer's casing.
  3. Ceddy currents induced in the core.
  4. Dresistive (I^2R) heating in the windings.

Question 1208

[2 marks]The motor effect on a current-carrying conductor, an electromagnet's construction and material, transformer energy losses and efficiency, and alpha decay
State one way of increasing the efficiency of a transformer.

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Question 1209

[2 marks]The motor effect on a current-carrying conductor, an electromagnet's construction and material, transformer energy losses and efficiency, and alpha decay
When a nucleus decays by emitting an alpha particle, what happens to its number of protons?
  1. Ait decreases by 2.
  2. Bit increases by 2.
  3. Cit stays the same.
  4. Dit decreases by 4.

Question 1210

[1 marks]The motor effect on a current-carrying conductor, an electromagnet's construction and material, transformer energy losses and efficiency, and alpha decay
When a nucleus decays by emitting an alpha particle, state the change in its number of neutrons (e.g. 'decreases by 2').

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Question 1211

[1 marks]The motor effect on a current-carrying conductor, an electromagnet's construction and material, transformer energy losses and efficiency, and alpha decay
Name the particle in an atom that carries a positive charge.

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Question 1212

[1 marks]The motor effect on a current-carrying conductor, an electromagnet's construction and material, transformer energy losses and efficiency, and alpha decay
Name the particle in an atom that carries no charge.

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