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ZIMSEC O Level · 4023/2 · J2024

Physics Paper 2 June 2024

Questions
72
Total marks
120
Time allowed
120 min
Syllabus code
4023/2

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Questions
72
Pass mark
44
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Answer every question in the printed order, get marked at the end, then see the answers.

The questions

Question 101

[1 marks]Vector vs scalar quantities, and the resultant of two forces at an angle
Of acceleration, distance, current and speed, which one is a vector quantity?

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Question 102

[1 marks]Vector vs scalar quantities, and the resultant of two forces at an angle
A vector quantity is one that has...
  1. Amagnitude only.
  2. Bdirection only.
  3. Cneither magnitude nor direction.
  4. Dboth magnitude and direction.

Question 103

[1 marks]Vector vs scalar quantities, and the resultant of two forces at an angle
Two forces of 10.0 N each act on an object. For their resultant to be zero, what must be true about their directions?

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Question 104

[2 marks]Vector vs scalar quantities, and the resultant of two forces at an angle
Two forces of 10 N each act at a point, at 120 degrees to each other. Calculate the magnitude of their resultant force.

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Question 201

[1 marks]Mechanical advantage, velocity ratio and distance moved by the effort in a pulley system
State the formula for mechanical advantage in terms of load and effort.

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Question 202

[1 marks]Mechanical advantage, velocity ratio and distance moved by the effort in a pulley system
A pulley system has one fixed pulley and one movable pulley, with two string segments supporting the movable pulley. State its velocity ratio.

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Question 203

[3 marks]Mechanical advantage, velocity ratio and distance moved by the effort in a pulley system
A pulley system has a velocity ratio of 2. Calculate the vertical distance moved by the effort in order to lift the load through 30.0 cm.

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Question 301

[1 marks]Energy stores, and renewable energy sources
State the type of energy stored in a torch cell.

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Question 302

[1 marks]Energy stores, and renewable energy sources
State the type of energy stored in a compressed spring.

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Question 303

[1 marks]Energy stores, and renewable energy sources
What is meant by a renewable energy source?

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Question 304

[2 marks]Energy stores, and renewable energy sources
Why is it important to use renewable energy sources rather than fossil fuels?
  1. AThey are exhaustible and produce large amounts of pollution.
  2. BThey do not run out and produce little to no pollution or greenhouse gases.
  3. CThey are the only energy sources that can generate electricity.
  4. DThey require burning large amounts of wood to release energy.

Question 401

[1 marks]Specific latent heat, a heating curve, and convection in an electric kettle
Define specific latent heat.
  1. Aheat energy needed to raise the temperature of exactly one kilogram of a substance by one degree Celsius
  2. Btotal heat energy released or absorbed when an entire substance completely changes from one physical state to another
  3. Cfixed temperature at which a liquid changes into a gas throughout the liquid at normal atmospheric pressure
  4. Dheat energy needed to change one kilogram of a substance's state without any change in temperature

Question 402

[1 marks]Specific latent heat, a heating curve, and convection in an electric kettle
On a heating curve for a solid being heated, name the change of state occurring during a plateau at the lower (melting point) temperature.

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Question 403

[1 marks]Specific latent heat, a heating curve, and convection in an electric kettle
On the same heating curve, name the change of state occurring during the plateau at the higher (boiling point) temperature.

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Question 404

[2 marks]Specific latent heat, a heating curve, and convection in an electric kettle
Why is the heating element placed at the bottom of an electric kettle?
  1. ASo that heated, less dense water rises and sets up convection currents that heat the whole kettle.
  2. BSo that cold water sinks below the element and cannot be heated.
  3. CSo that the element stays furthest from the switch for safety.
  4. DBecause heat only radiates downward from a metal element.

Question 501

[1 marks]How an echo forms, and calculating distance from an echo time
Describe, in one phrase, how an echo is produced.

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Question 502

[3 marks]How an echo forms, and calculating distance from an echo time
A bat's sound echoes off a wall and returns 25 ms later. Given that the speed of sound is 330 m/s, calculate the distance of the wall from the bat.

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Question 503

[1 marks]How an echo forms, and calculating distance from an echo time
State one practical application of echoes.

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Question 601

[2 marks]Diesel vs petrol engines, and the social implications of fuel use
Which of the following is an advantage of a diesel engine over a petrol engine?
  1. AIt produces more carbon monoxide per litre burned.
  2. BIt has a lower compression ratio than a petrol engine.
  3. CIt is more fuel efficient, giving better mileage per litre.
  4. DIt requires a spark plug to ignite the fuel-air mixture.

Question 602

[2 marks]Diesel vs petrol engines, and the social implications of fuel use
Which of the following is a social implication of relying heavily on wood fuel (firewood/charcoal)?
  1. ADeforestation, which forces communities to walk further to gather fuel.
  2. BReduced use of land for farming due to increased tree cover.
  3. CLower fuel costs for households in urban areas.
  4. DElimination of respiratory diseases in the community.

Question 701

[1 marks]Electromotive force and current, and using a voltmeter/ammeter to determine resistance
Define electromotive force.
  1. Aenergy converted from chemical to electrical energy per unit charge driven around a complete circuit
  2. Benergy delivered to the external circuit per unit charge, excluding energy used up inside the source itself
  3. Crate of flow of electric charge around a complete circuit, driven around that circuit by a source
  4. Denergy converted from electrical to other useful forms per unit charge passing through a single component

Question 702

[1 marks]Electromotive force and current, and using a voltmeter/ammeter to determine resistance
Define electric current.

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Question 703

[1 marks]Electromotive force and current, and using a voltmeter/ammeter to determine resistance
In a circuit used to determine the resistance of a load R, a meter connected in parallel across R is the...
  1. Awattmeter.
  2. Bammeter.
  3. Cvoltmeter.
  4. Dohmmeter.

Question 704

[2 marks]Electromotive force and current, and using a voltmeter/ammeter to determine resistance
State the formula used to calculate resistance R from an ammeter reading I and a voltmeter reading V taken across it.

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Question 801

[1 marks]Half-life and radioactive decay, and a two-half-life mass calculation
Define half-life.
  1. Atime taken for the number of undecayed nuclei to double
  2. Baverage time a single radioactive nucleus survives before it decays
  3. Ctotal time taken for all the radioactive nuclei in a sample to decay
  4. Dtime taken for half the radioactive nuclei in a sample to decay

Question 802

[1 marks]Half-life and radioactive decay, and a two-half-life mass calculation
Define radioactive decay.
  1. Aprocess by which radiation removes electrons from the atoms it passes through as it travels
  2. Bspontaneous and random disintegration of an unstable nucleus with the emission of radiation
  3. Csplitting of a large unstable nucleus into two smaller nuclei when it is struck by a neutron
  4. Dtime taken for half of a given sample's unstable nuclei to disintegrate completely

Question 803

[3 marks]Half-life and radioactive decay, and a two-half-life mass calculation
A radioactive isotope of half-life 6 minutes has an initial mass of 20 g. Calculate the mass remaining after 18 minutes.

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Question 901

[1 marks]Displacement, motorcycle and falling-feather velocity-time graphs, and resultants of two variable-direction forces
Define displacement.

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Question 902

[2 marks]Displacement, motorcycle and falling-feather velocity-time graphs, and resultants of two variable-direction forces
On the velocity-time graph for the motorcycle (Fig.9.1), what best describes its motion between 20 s and 25 s?
  1. AIt accelerates uniformly from 20 m/s to 25 m/s.
  2. BIt decelerates from 25 m/s to 20 m/s.
  3. CIt travels at a constant velocity of about 26 m/s.
  4. DIt remains at rest.

Question 903

[3 marks]Displacement, motorcycle and falling-feather velocity-time graphs, and resultants of two variable-direction forces
Using Fig.9.1, calculate the average speed of the motorcycle over the whole 30 s journey (total distance moved divided by total time).

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Question 904

[1 marks]Displacement, motorcycle and falling-feather velocity-time graphs, and resultants of two variable-direction forces
As the eagle's feather falls (Fig.9.2), the downward force acting on it is...
  1. Aair resistance.
  2. Bupthrust.
  3. Ctension.
  4. Dweight.

Question 905

[1 marks]Displacement, motorcycle and falling-feather velocity-time graphs, and resultants of two variable-direction forces
As the feather falls, the upward force acting on it is...
  1. Anormal reaction.
  2. Bair resistance.
  3. Cweight.
  4. Dmagnetic force.

Question 906

[2 marks]Displacement, motorcycle and falling-feather velocity-time graphs, and resultants of two variable-direction forces
Between points B and C on Fig.9.2, the feather is moving at its terminal velocity. What does this tell us about the forces acting on it?
  1. AIts weight has become zero.
  2. BIts weight is greater than air resistance, so it is still accelerating.
  3. CAir resistance equals its weight, so the resultant force is zero and it moves at constant velocity.
  4. DThere is no air resistance acting on it at all.

Question 907

[1 marks]Displacement, motorcycle and falling-feather velocity-time graphs, and resultants of two variable-direction forces
Define a vector quantity.

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Question 908

[1 marks]Displacement, motorcycle and falling-feather velocity-time graphs, and resultants of two variable-direction forces
Two forces of 15.0 N and 7.0 N act at the same point, in a direction that can be varied. Find their greatest possible resultant.

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Question 909

[1 marks]Displacement, motorcycle and falling-feather velocity-time graphs, and resultants of two variable-direction forces
Two forces of 15.0 N and 7.0 N act at the same point, in a direction that can be varied. Find their smallest possible resultant.

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Question 910

[3 marks]Displacement, motorcycle and falling-feather velocity-time graphs, and resultants of two variable-direction forces
Forces of 15.0 N and 7.0 N act at the same point, at right angles to each other. Find their resultant.

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Question 911

[2 marks]Displacement, motorcycle and falling-feather velocity-time graphs, and resultants of two variable-direction forces
Describing the motorcycle's motion from O to 10 s on Fig.9.1, which statement is correct?
  1. AIt accelerates uniformly from rest to about 20 m/s.
  2. BIt is stationary for the whole 10 s.
  3. CIt decelerates from 20 m/s to rest.
  4. DIt moves at a constant speed of 20 m/s throughout.

Question 1001

[1 marks]Hooke's law and a spring constant, inertia/momentum and free-fall in a vacuum, a falling bird, and circular motion round a bend
State Hooke's law.
  1. Aextension of a spring is directly proportional to its original length provided the elastic limit is not exceeded
  2. Bextension is directly proportional to the applied force provided the elastic limit is not exceeded
  3. Cextension is directly proportional to the applied force at all values of force, however large
  4. Dforce applied to a spring is directly proportional to its mass and acceleration

Question 1002

[3 marks]Hooke's law and a spring constant, inertia/momentum and free-fall in a vacuum, a falling bird, and circular motion round a bend
A spring extends by 0.5 cm when a 50 g mass is hung from it. Using g=10 N/kg, calculate the spring constant in N/m.

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Question 1003

[1 marks]Hooke's law and a spring constant, inertia/momentum and free-fall in a vacuum, a falling bird, and circular motion round a bend
Which assumption is needed to calculate a spring constant from F=kx using a hanging mass?
  1. AThe extension is independent of the applied force.
  2. BThe elastic limit of the spring is not exceeded.
  3. CThe spring has no natural length.
  4. DThe mass used has no weight.

Question 1004

[1 marks]Hooke's law and a spring constant, inertia/momentum and free-fall in a vacuum, a falling bird, and circular motion round a bend
Define inertia.
  1. Aquantity given by the product of an object's mass and its velocity
  2. Btendency of an object to resist a change in its state of motion
  3. Cforce with which the Earth attracts an object towards its centre
  4. Dforce that opposes relative motion between two surfaces in contact

Question 1005

[1 marks]Hooke's law and a spring constant, inertia/momentum and free-fall in a vacuum, a falling bird, and circular motion round a bend
Define momentum.

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Question 1006

[2 marks]Hooke's law and a spring constant, inertia/momentum and free-fall in a vacuum, a falling bird, and circular motion round a bend
A rock is launched with a speed of 10 m/s in a vacuum. What happens to it?
  1. AIt travels at a constant 10 m/s forever, unaffected by gravity.
  2. BIt slows down due to air resistance until it stops.
  3. CIt undergoes free fall under gravity alone, since there is no air resistance to produce a terminal velocity.
  4. DIt immediately stops, since there is no air to push against.

Question 1007

[2 marks]Hooke's law and a spring constant, inertia/momentum and free-fall in a vacuum, a falling bird, and circular motion round a bend
A 300 g bird falls from a 100 m building after being shot dead. Taking g=10 m/s^2 and ignoring air resistance, calculate the force it exerts on the ground (its weight).

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Question 1008

[2 marks]Hooke's law and a spring constant, inertia/momentum and free-fall in a vacuum, a falling bird, and circular motion round a bend
A 300 g bird falls from rest from a 100 m building. Using v^2=u^2+2gs with g=10 m/s^2, calculate the velocity it attains just before reaching the ground.

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Question 1009

[1 marks]Hooke's law and a spring constant, inertia/momentum and free-fall in a vacuum, a falling bird, and circular motion round a bend
As a car goes round a bend on a road, what provides the centripetal force?
  1. AAir resistance.
  2. BThe engine's driving force alone.
  3. CThe weight of the car.
  4. DFriction between the tyres and the road.

Question 1010

[2 marks]Hooke's law and a spring constant, inertia/momentum and free-fall in a vacuum, a falling bird, and circular motion round a bend
A car travels at constant speed round a bend. Why does it still have a centripetal acceleration?
  1. ABecause the direction of its velocity keeps changing, so its velocity (a vector) is changing.
  2. BBecause acceleration only depends on speed, not direction.
  3. CBecause its speed is increasing even though it looks constant.
  4. DBecause friction always produces acceleration regardless of direction.

Question 1011

[2 marks]Hooke's law and a spring constant, inertia/momentum and free-fall in a vacuum, a falling bird, and circular motion round a bend
Oil is spilt on the road where a car is going round a bend (Fig.10.3). What happens to the car?
  1. ANothing changes, since oil has no effect on friction.
  2. BIt continues in a straight line (skids off the curved path) since friction can no longer provide enough centripetal force.
  3. CIt stops immediately due to increased friction.
  4. DIt turns more sharply than before.

Question 1012

[1 marks]Hooke's law and a spring constant, inertia/momentum and free-fall in a vacuum, a falling bird, and circular motion round a bend
State one advantage of friction.

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Question 1013

[1 marks]Hooke's law and a spring constant, inertia/momentum and free-fall in a vacuum, a falling bird, and circular motion round a bend
State one disadvantage of friction.

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Question 1101

[1 marks]The electromagnetic spectrum and microwave hazards, magnetising a solenoid, and household energy-consumption calculations
Name one region of the electromagnetic spectrum other than visible light.

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Question 1102

[3 marks]The electromagnetic spectrum and microwave hazards, magnetising a solenoid, and household energy-consumption calculations
Calculate the frequency of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of 1.0x10^-11 m, given the speed of light c=3x10^8 m/s.

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Question 1103

[2 marks]The electromagnetic spectrum and microwave hazards, magnetising a solenoid, and household energy-consumption calculations
Why can microwaves damage or kill living cells?
  1. AThey are absorbed by water in tissue, causing rapid heating that can destroy cells.
  2. BThey pass straight through tissue without any interaction.
  3. CThey freeze water molecules in cells, causing ice crystals to form.
  4. DThey are magnetic and disrupt the iron in blood cells.

Question 1104

[2 marks]The electromagnetic spectrum and microwave hazards, magnetising a solenoid, and household energy-consumption calculations
Explain what is meant by induced magnetism.
  1. Apoint beyond which a magnetic material cannot be magnetised any further by a stronger field
  2. Ba magnetic material becomes permanently and irreversibly magnetised after being placed inside a strong magnetic field
  3. Can e.m.f. is induced in a conductor whenever the magnetic field around it changes
  4. Da magnetic material temporarily becomes magnetised in a magnetic field, losing its magnetism once removed

Question 1105

[1 marks]The electromagnetic spectrum and microwave hazards, magnetising a solenoid, and household energy-consumption calculations
To magnetise a bar of soft iron using a solenoid, the solenoid must be connected to...
  1. Aa permanent magnet directly touching it.
  2. Ban a.c. supply only.
  3. Ca d.c. supply.
  4. Da capacitor with no current flow.

Question 1106

[2 marks]The electromagnetic spectrum and microwave hazards, magnetising a solenoid, and household energy-consumption calculations
A stove rated 3.50 kW is switched on for 12.0 hours in a week. Calculate the energy it uses, in kWh.

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Question 1107

[2 marks]The electromagnetic spectrum and microwave hazards, magnetising a solenoid, and household energy-consumption calculations
A TV and light rated 0.86 kW are switched on for 36.0 hours in a week. Calculate the energy used, in kWh.

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Question 1108

[2 marks]The electromagnetic spectrum and microwave hazards, magnetising a solenoid, and household energy-consumption calculations
Mr Zulu's prepaid meter shows 843.2 kWh remaining at the start of a week in which his stove and TV/light together use 72.96 kWh. Calculate the meter reading at the end of the week.

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Question 1109

[2 marks]The electromagnetic spectrum and microwave hazards, magnetising a solenoid, and household energy-consumption calculations
The stove used the most energy that week (42.0 kWh) at a cost of $0.25 per unit. Calculate the cost of running the stove that week.

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Question 1201

[1 marks]Transformers and high-voltage transmission, a combination logic circuit, radiation deflection in a magnetic field, and a cathode ray tube
Why do transformers require alternating (not direct) voltage?
  1. AA changing current is needed to produce the changing magnetic flux that induces an e.m.f. in the secondary coil.
  2. BTransformers only work with voltages below 240 V.
  3. CDirect current is too dangerous to use in transformers.
  4. DAlternating voltage is always higher than direct voltage.

Question 1202

[2 marks]Transformers and high-voltage transmission, a combination logic circuit, radiation deflection in a magnetic field, and a cathode ray tube
In a step-up transformer, which coil has more turns: the primary or the secondary?

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Question 1203

[2 marks]Transformers and high-voltage transmission, a combination logic circuit, radiation deflection in a magnetic field, and a cathode ray tube
What is the main advantage of transmitting electricity at high voltage?
  1. AIt eliminates the need for any transformers in the grid.
  2. BIt reduces the total power delivered to consumers.
  3. CA lower current is needed for the same power, reducing heat loss (I^2R) in the cables.
  4. DIt allows thicker, heavier cables to be used more cheaply.

Question 1204

[2 marks]Transformers and high-voltage transmission, a combination logic circuit, radiation deflection in a magnetic field, and a cathode ray tube
Name the two types of logic gate used in the circuit of Fig.12.1 (two of one type feeding into the other).

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Question 1205

[1 marks]Transformers and high-voltage transmission, a combination logic circuit, radiation deflection in a magnetic field, and a cathode ray tube
The circuit in Fig.12.1 (two OR gates feeding a NOT gate) is equivalent to a single...
  1. ANOR gate.
  2. BNAND gate.
  3. CXOR gate.
  4. DAND gate.

Question 1206

[2 marks]Transformers and high-voltage transmission, a combination logic circuit, radiation deflection in a magnetic field, and a cathode ray tube
For the circuit in Fig.12.1, when A=0 and B=0, what is the final output?

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Question 1207

[2 marks]Transformers and high-voltage transmission, a combination logic circuit, radiation deflection in a magnetic field, and a cathode ray tube
For the circuit in Fig.12.1, when A=1 and B=1, what is the final output?

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Question 1208

[1 marks]Transformers and high-voltage transmission, a combination logic circuit, radiation deflection in a magnetic field, and a cathode ray tube
Name one type of radiation emitted by radioactive isotopes.

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Question 1209

[2 marks]Transformers and high-voltage transmission, a combination logic circuit, radiation deflection in a magnetic field, and a cathode ray tube
In Fig.12.2, radiation passes through a magnetic field directed into the page. Which statement about the deflection of the radiation is correct?
  1. AAll three types of radiation curve in exactly the same direction and by the same amount.
  2. BAlpha and beta particles curve in opposite directions (being oppositely charged), while gamma rays pass straight through undeflected.
  3. COnly gamma rays are deflected, since they carry the most energy.
  4. DNone of the radiations are affected by a magnetic field.

Question 1210

[2 marks]Transformers and high-voltage transmission, a combination logic circuit, radiation deflection in a magnetic field, and a cathode ray tube
Name the two particles found in the nucleus of an atom.

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Question 1211

[1 marks]Transformers and high-voltage transmission, a combination logic circuit, radiation deflection in a magnetic field, and a cathode ray tube
In a cathode ray tube, name the process by which electrons are emitted from the heated cathode filament.

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Question 1212

[2 marks]Transformers and high-voltage transmission, a combination logic circuit, radiation deflection in a magnetic field, and a cathode ray tube
In a cathode ray tube with a 3000 V supply between cathode and anode, what causes the electrons to accelerate towards the anode?
  1. Amagnetic field produced by the current flowing through the heated filament wire
  2. Bthermal energy gained by electrons as the heated filament is raised to a very high temperature
  3. Cforce of gravity acting on the electrons as they travel through the evacuated glass tube
  4. Delectric field produced by the potential difference between the cathode and the anode

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