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Paper 4 (9164, Section B) · June 2010 · Forces and Equilibrium

Four coplanar forces act at the point O, as shown in the diagram. A force of 2N acts along the positive y-axis. A force of 3N acts at 30 degrees to the left of the positive y-axis. A force of 5N acts at 30 degrees to the right of the positive y-axis. A fourth force of 2N acts at right angles to the 5N force, below the positive x-axis. The forces i\mathbf{i} and j\mathbf{j} are of 1N magnitude in the directions of the x and y axes respectively.

The resultant of the four forces is ai+bja\mathbf{i}+b\mathbf{j}.

Find the value of b.

Model answer

7.93

Also accepted: 7,93, 7.9, 7,9, 7.928, 7,928, 7.9282, 7,9282, 1 + 4 square root of 3, 1+4 square root of 3, 1 + 4root3, 1 + 4 root 3, 1+4sqrt(3), 1 + 4sqrt3

Explanation

Measure each direction anticlockwise from the positive xx-axis. The 2N force along the yy-axis is at 90∘90^{\circ}, the 3N force at 90∘+30∘=120∘90^{\circ}+30^{\circ}=120^{\circ}, the 5N force at 90∘−30∘=60∘90^{\circ}-30^{\circ}=60^{\circ}, and the fourth 2N force, drawn at right angles to the 5N force, at 60∘−90∘=−30∘60^{\circ}-90^{\circ}=-30^{\circ}.

Resolving along j\mathbf{j}:

3sin⁡120∘+2sin⁡90∘+5sin⁡60∘+2sin⁡(−30∘)=332+2+532−13\sin 120^{\circ}+2\sin 90^{\circ}+5\sin 60^{\circ}+2\sin(-30^{\circ})=\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}+2+\dfrac{5\sqrt{3}}{2}-1

=832+1=1+43=7,93=\dfrac{8\sqrt{3}}{2}+1=1+4\sqrt{3}=7,93.

Derived from ZIMSEC Mathematics 9164/4 Paper 4, June 2010, Q14

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