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Paper 4 (9164, Section B) · June 2008 · Friction and Inclined Planes

Continuing the crate scenario (weight 20 N, pulling force 4 N at 60° to the horizontal, normal reaction R=20−23R=20-2\sqrt3 N, limiting equilibrium), find the exact coefficient of friction between the crate and the floor.

A40−4340-4\sqrt3
B10+397\dfrac{10+\sqrt3}{97}
C3+10397\dfrac{3+10\sqrt3}{97}
D110\dfrac{1}{10}

Explanation

Resolving horizontally, F=4cos⁡60°=2F=4\cos60°=2 N. At limiting equilibrium, F=μRF=\mu R, so μ=220−23=110−3\mu=\dfrac{2}{20-2\sqrt3}=\dfrac{1}{10-\sqrt3}, and rationalising the denominator gives μ=10+397\mu=\dfrac{10+\sqrt3}{97}. Swapping sine and cosine, using F=4sin⁡60°=23F=4\sin60°=2\sqrt3 for the horizontal component instead of 4cos⁡60°4\cos60°, gives 3+10397\dfrac{3+10\sqrt3}{97} after rationalising. Dividing by the crate's weight (20 N) instead of the actual normal reaction gives 220=110\dfrac{2}{20}=\dfrac{1}{10}. Multiplying FF and RR instead of dividing one by the other does not correspond to the friction law at all, giving 40−4340-4\sqrt3.

Derived from ZIMSEC Maths Paper 1, June 2008, Q12 (Statistics)

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